About the condition
Patellofemoral pain is usually felt around or behind the kneecap during tasks such as squatting, stairs or running. Assessment helps distinguish it from other knee problems.
Treatment options
Education and exercise are central. Supporting options, including taping, foot orthoses or movement retraining, should be chosen for the individual rather than given routinely to everyone.
Surgical considerations
Surgery is not usual first-line treatment for typical patellofemoral pain. Persistent or unusual symptoms need reassessment before assuming an operation is necessary.
Rehabilitation principles
Build knee strength, with hip exercise where appropriate, and adjust activity to a tolerable starting point. Link progression to the activities you want to regain.
Recovery expectations
Expect to review the programme as your tolerance changes. Record the tasks that matter to you, such as a flight of stairs or a run, rather than chasing a pain-free exercise session alone.
Evidence context
The 2024 best practice guide supports knee-targeted exercise and education with individually selected supporting approaches.
Research & guidance
Evidence sources checked: 2026-10-11.
Editorial draft — HK+A clinical review pending.